Fri Dec 30 2022

112 articles - From Friday Dec 23 2022 to Friday Dec 30 2022

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…


Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews


Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Ann Intern Med

Anticoagulant Therapy for Cancer-Associated Thrombosis : A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

The 3 DOACs are more effective and more cost-effective than LMWH. The most cost-effective DOAC depends on the relative cost of each of these agents. These are important considerations for treating physicians and health policymakers. Primary funding source None.

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Assessing Performance and Clinical Usefulness in Prediction Models With Survival Outcomes: Practical Guidance for Cox Proportional Hazards Models.

They provide SAS and R code to illustrate internal and external validation. The authors recommend the proposed set of performance measures for transparent reporting of the validity of predictions from survival models.

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Effectiveness of an Intervention to Improve Decision Making for Older Patients With Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

DART improved decision quality and clarified treatment preferences among older adults with advanced CKD for 6 months after the DART intervention. Primary funding source Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI).

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Left Atrial Mechanical Dysfunction and the Risk for Ischemic Stroke in People Without Prevalent Atrial Fibrillation or Stroke : A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective To evaluate the association of echocardiographic left atrial function (reservoir, conduit, and contractile strain) and left atrial size (left atrial volume index) with ischemic stroke and determine whether these measures can improve the stroke prediction achieved by CHA -VASc variables, left atrial reservoir strain improves stroke prediction and yields a predicted net benefit, as shown by decision curve analysis. Primary funding source National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health.

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Lancet

9 months of delamanid, linezolid, levofloxacin, and pyrazinamide versus conventional therapy for treatment of fluoroquinolone-sensitive multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-END): a multicentre, randomised, open-label phase 2/3 non-inferiority trial in South Korea.

Interpretation 9-month treatment with oral delamanid, linezolid, levofloxacin, and pyrazinamide could represent a new treatment option for participants with fluoroquinolone-sensitive multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Funding Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, South Korea.

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Comparison of two chemotherapy regimens in patients with newly diagnosed Ewing sarcoma (EE2012): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Interpretation Dose-intensive chemotherapy with vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and etoposide is more effective, less toxic, and shorter in duration for al stages of newly diagnosed Ewing sarcoma than vincristine, ifosfamide, doxorubicin, and etoposide induction and should now be the standard of care for Ewing sarcoma. Funding The European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for Research, Technological Development, and Demonstration; The National Coordinating Centre in France, Centre Léon Bérard; SFCE; Ligue contre le cancer; Cancer Research UK.

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Emraclidine, a novel positive allosteric modulator of cholinergic M4 receptors, for the treatment of schizophrenia: a two-part, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1b trial.

Interpretation These data support further investigation of emraclidine as a once-daily treatment for schizophrenia without need for titration and with a potentially favourable side-effect profile. Funding Cerevel Therapeutics.

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Machine learning-based marker for coronary artery disease: derivation and validation in two longitudinal cohorts.

Interpretation Electronic health record-based machine learning was used to generate an in-silico marker for coronary artery disease that can non-invasively quantify atherosclerosis and risk of death on a continuous spectrum, and identify underdiagnosed individuals. Funding National Institutes of Health.

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Molnupiravir plus usual care versus usual care alone as early treatment for adults with COVID-19 at increased risk of adverse outcomes (PANORAMIC): an open-label, platform-adaptive randomised controlled trial.

Interpretation Molnupiravir did not reduce the frequency of COVID-19-associated hospitalisations or death among high-risk vaccinated adults in the community. Funding UK National Institute for Health and Care Research.

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N Engl J Med

A 24-Week, All-Oral Regimen for Rifampin-Resistant Tuberculosis.

(Funded by Médecins sans Frontières; TB-PRACTECAL ClinicalTrials. gov number, NCT02589782.).

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Adagrasib with or without Cetuximab in Colorectal Cancer with Mutated KRAS G12C.

(Funded by Mirati Therapeutics; KRYSTAL-1 ClinicalTrials. gov number, NCT03785249.).

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Dupilumab in Adults and Adolescents with Eosinophilic Esophagitis.

(Funded by Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; ClinicalTrials. gov number, NCT03633617.).

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Lentiviral Gene Therapy for Artemis-Deficient SCID.

(Funded by the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; ClinicalTrials. gov number, NCT03538899.).

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Recombinant ADAMTS13 for Hereditary Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.

At the time of this report, the patient and her son were well, and she continued to receive injections of recombinant ADAMTS13 every 2 weeks. (Funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation.).

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Sotorasib in KRAS p.G12C-Mutated Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.

(Funded by Amgen and others; CodeBreaK 100 ClinicalTrials. gov number, NCT03600883.).

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VV116 versus Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir for Oral Treatment of Covid-19.

Among adults with mild-to-moderate Covid-19 who were at risk for progression, VV116 was noninferior to nirmatrelvir-ritonavir with respect to the time to sustained clinical recovery, with fewer safety concerns. (Funded by Vigonvita Life Sciences and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05341609; Chinese Clinical Trial Registry number, ChiCTR2200057856.).

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Ann Intern Med

The Dark Side of Rapid Reviews: A Retreat From Systematic Approaches and the Need for Clear Expectations and Reporting.

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Lancet

A call to accelerate an end to human rabies deaths.

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Challenges and opportunities for educating health professionals after the COVID-19 pandemic.

They converge with other societal changes, such as globalisation of health care and increasing concerns of health disparities across the world, that were exacerbated by the pandemic. In this Health Policy, we list institutional and instructional reforms to assess what has happened to health-professional education since the publication of the Lancet Commission and how the COVID-19 pandemic altered the education process.

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Innovation for infection prevention and control-revisiting Pasteur's vision.

We focused on Pasteur's far-sighted conceptualisation of the hospital as a reservoir of microorganisms and amplifier of transmission, aseptic technique in surgery, public health education, interdisciplinary working, and the protection of health services and patients. Examples from across the globe help inform future thinking for IPC innovation, adoption, scale up and sustained use.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Lung cancer screening.

This Review brings together current evidence on lung cancer screening, including an overview of clinical trials, considerations regarding the identification of individuals who benefit from lung cancer screening, management of screen-detected findings, smoking cessation interventions, cost-effectiveness, the role of artificial intelligence and biomarkers, and current challenges, solutions, and opportunities surrounding the implementation of lung cancer screening programmes from an international perspective. Further research into risk models for patient selection, personalised screening intervals, novel biomarkers, integrated cardiovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessments, smoking cessation interventions, and artificial intelligence for lung nodule detection and risk stratification are key opportunities to increase the efficiency of lung cancer screening and ensure equity of access.

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Midterm elections in the USA: a pivotal moment for health.

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Novel and emerging treatments for major depression.

In the past 10 years, treatment trials have developed and tested many new targeted interventions. In this Review, we assess novel and emerging biological treatments for major depressive disorder, evaluate their putative brain and body mechanisms, and highlight how close each might be to clinical use.

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Offline: The slave trade-medicine's necessary remorse.

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Pasteur's legacy in 21st century medicine.

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N Engl J Med

Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis.

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Audio Interview: Potential Covid Vaccine Strategies.

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Biologics in Eosinophilic Esophagitis - Ready for Prime Time?

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Gene Therapy for Artemis-Deficient SCID.

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Haloperidol for Treatment of ICU Delirium - Progress or Setback?

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Oxygen Delivery in the Treatment of Anemia.

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Surgical Revascularization - Best for Limb Ischemia?

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Two Steps Forward, One Step Back.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Ann Intern Med

Annals for Educators - December 2022.

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Annals for Hospitalists - December 2022.

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Annals for Hospitalists Inpatient Notes - The Future of Hospital-at-Home Care.

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Annals Graphic Medicine - I Just … Don't Have the Time.

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Annals On Call - Benefits of Sigmoidoscopy for Colon Cancer Screening.

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Apixaban at Apex? Aligning Drug Pricing With Value in Cancer-Associated Thrombosis.

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Atrial Cardiopathy and Cardioembolic Stroke.

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Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Initiating First-Line Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Versus Metformin.

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Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Initiating First-Line Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Versus Metformin.

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Prevention and Initial Management of HIV Infection.

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Prevention and Initial Management of HIV Infection.

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Shared Decision Making for Older Adults: Time to Move Beyond Dialysis as a Default.

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Web Exclusive. Annals Consult Guys - Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation.

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Lancet

A new cholinergic mechanism for antipsychotics: emraclidine and M4 muscarinic receptors.

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Bacterial pathogens and climate change.

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Building on Pasteur's legacy: producing vaccines in Africa.

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Celebrating choice in the care of people living with drug-resistant tuberculosis.

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Challenges and opportunities in interprofessional education and practice.

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Climate change and the prescription pad.

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Community pandemic response: the importance of action led by communities and the public sector.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Deaths from alcohol-related liver disease in the UK: an escalating tragedy.

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Directly observed therapy.

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George C Patton.

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Highlights 2022: sharpening the focus on powerful health stories.

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Interferon shrinks spleen in pregnant patient with myeloproliferative neoplasm.

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Louis Pasteur's public engagement.

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Louis Pasteur, COVID-19, and the social challenges of epidemics.

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Machine learning to assess coronary artery disease status-is it helpful?

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Modest health goals for new US Congress.

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Nicole Schiegg.

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PANORAMIC: important insights into molnupiravir use in COVID-19.

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Plugging the medical brain drain.

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Recurrent rectal bleeding in a teenager caused by a cavernous haemangioma of the sigmoid colon.

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Research focus: Pasteur Institute of Dakar.

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Science knows no country: fulfilling Louis Pasteur's legacy.

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The Lancet Commission on 21st-Century Global Health Threats.

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Towards a new era in the treatment of Ewing sarcoma.

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Winner of the 2022 Wakley Prize: compassion and connection.

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N Engl J Med

A Brewing Storm.

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A Sense of Belonging.

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Case 39-2022: A 31-Year-Old Woman with Postpartum Abdominal Pain and Fever.

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Case 40-2022: A 38-Year-Old Man with Exertional Chest Discomfort.

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Choice of Admitting Services for Older Adults with Hip Fracture.

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Engineering for Grief.

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Hospitals and Health Equity - Translating Measurement into Action.

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Pituitary Apoplexy.

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Protecting the Public Health with the Inflation Reduction Act - Provisions Affecting Climate Change and Its Health Effects.

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Pulmonary Langerhans-Cell Histiocytosis.

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Revaluing Primary Care - Going Beyond RVU Increases.

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Serpentine Supravenous Hyperpigmentation.

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Subconjunctival Hemorrhage in Leptospirosis.

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U.S. Health Insurance Coverage and Financing.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Lancet

Elsevier must end its fossil fuel partnerships and subsidies - Publisher's reply.

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Elsevier must end its fossil fuel partnerships and subsidies.

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How to make India's National Family Health Survey more gender-sensitive.

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Monkeypox exposure during pregnancy: what does UK public health guidance advise?

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Monkeypox exposure during pregnancy: what does UK public health guidance advise? - Authors' reply.

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Pandemic solidarity across national borders saved lives.

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The chaud must go on.

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The global need for smart heat-health warning systems.

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Uptake of monoclonal antibodies and antiviral therapies for COVID-19 in Scotland.

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N Engl J Med

Acute Decompensated Heart Failure, Volume, and Acetazolamide.

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Acute Decompensated Heart Failure, Volume, and Acetazolamide.

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Acute Decompensated Heart Failure, Volume, and Acetazolamide.

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Acute Decompensated Heart Failure, Volume, and Acetazolamide. Reply.

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Daprodustat and On-Treatment Cardiovascular Events in Chronic Kidney Disease.

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Daprodustat and On-Treatment Cardiovascular Events in Chronic Kidney Disease.

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Daprodustat and On-Treatment Cardiovascular Events in Chronic Kidney Disease. Reply.

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Drug Sensitivity of Currently Circulating Mpox Viruses.

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Monkeypox Virus Infection across 16 Countries - April-June 2022.

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Monkeypox Virus Infection across 16 Countries - April-June 2022. Reply.

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Neutralization against BA.2.75.2, BQ.1.1, and XBB from mRNA Bivalent Booster.

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Nirmatrelvir Use during the Omicron Surge.

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Nirmatrelvir Use during the Omicron Surge.

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Nirmatrelvir Use during the Omicron Surge.

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Nirmatrelvir Use during the Omicron Surge. Reply.

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Protection against Omicron from Vaccination and Previous Infection.

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Protection against Omicron from Vaccination and Previous Infection. Reply.

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Recombinant ADAMTS13 in Severe Neonatal Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.

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